Stavropol region. An old-geographic region regarding the Russian Federation located in the main area off Subcaucasia, amongst the Kuban Lake (and you may Kuban area) into the western, the newest Terek region with the the southern part of, this new Wear part towards the northern, the fresh Kalmyk Autonomous Republic to your northeast, together with countries of Caucasian slope individuals towards the south and southwest. The brand new Stavropol region essentially matches into the area towards the previous Stavropol gubernia (in its 18611920 edge, 59,500 sq . kilometres) additionally the later Stavropol krai, faster the fresh Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five hundred sq kilometres).
Actual geography. The major portion of the Stavropol region was occupied by Stavropol Upland; the newest slight portion has actually elements of the latest Caspian Lowland about eastern, new Kuma-Manych Despair on the north, additionally the hills of your Caucasus Slopes throughout the southwestern. The brand new climate of one’s Stavropol region was transformation, from moderate continental regarding the western in order to dryer and continental regarding east. The higher of those are the Yegorlyk loveswans reviews (and therefore moves on the Manych), the brand new Kalaus, the newest Kuma, and also the Kuban and its top tributaries, the newest Velykyi Zelenchuk together with Malyi Zelenchuk (select Zelenchuk canals). River-water is employed to own irrigation. Small, generally saline lakes abound; the biggest is the narrow but 160-km-long River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the situated Stavropol part stayed sparsely populated because of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (good Turkic-talking people) and you can Kalmyk people (a good Mongol-talking category), who to one another numbered regarding the 80,000
The brand new grounds regarding west and main a portion of the Stavropol area is actually certain chernozems and chestnut grounds; into eastern and you may northeast it feel white chestnut. The newest natural herbs plus alter eastward having declining dampness, from meadow fescuefeather turf steppe so you’re able to dead fescuefeather lawn steppe and semidesert vegetation off wormwood, inactive fescue, and you may feather turf. From the so much more humid part of the Stavropol Upland along with the new Caucasus mountain tops the brand new absolute plant life are forest-steppe having oak-hornbeam-beech forests. Now both the steppe and forest-steppe are practically completely cleaned to have agriculture.
History. About mid-16th century the fresh new Caucasus plus the Stavropol part started to been on experience of Muscovite colonization. Regarding 16th and you can seventeenth years Subcaucasia knowledgeable this new origins regarding Cossack colonization (the fresh new Don Cossacks from the west together with Terek Cossacks from inside the the fresh east). Caucasian hill peoples, the new Karachai and the Cherkess, lived-in the newest hills of your own area.
At the beginning of the eighteenth century new Stavropol area nominally turned an element of the Russian Empire. Permanent agreements, however, were not oriented through to the history quarter of century, whenever, from inside the 177780, the fresh Russian authorities mainly based a line of forts, the new Mozdok-Azov line, which have head office at the Stavropol, so you’re able to secure the Caucasian hill peoples. By the 1785 the fresh Stavropol part formed section of Caucasus oblast, which was redesignated a gubernia when you look at the 1802. Pursuing the several identity alter it absolutely was designated because Stavropol gubernia from inside the 1847. Its limitations was indeed in the long run fixed during the 1861, in the event it was split of Terek oblast. Weighed against Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (because 1898) was not section of Caucasus krai.
Before the 1930s the fresh Stavropol region try compensated of the each other Ukrainians and you may Russians, and constituted a part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic region
This new Russian government advertised the fresh quick colonization of your Stavropol region so you’re able to introduce a base to own armed forces procedures regarding the Caucasus. Element of you to point is actually attained by the fresh new granting of preference tracts out of residential property to Russian noblemen, just who settled them with the serfs. A very high cause for colonization, but not, are the newest natural payment by the condition peasants who have been unimpeded from the this new main bodies. In reality brand new imperial authorities legalized extant says for the ukase of 1804 and you may given help to the people who had paid in the the new Stavropol area. By the end of 1850s the population from Stavropol gubernia got risen up to 340,000 (5.5 people each sq . km). Their only urban area, Stavropol, increased from around step three,000 owners inside the 1800 so you can 17,600 people in 1853. The quintessential heavily settled section have been this new steppes amongst the Yegorlyk and the Kalaus rivers plus the Kalaus Lake valley. The populace away from Stavropol gubernia (in addition to Terek oblast) for the 1853 contains forty eight.seven percent Cossacks, thirty-two per cent state peasants, sixteen.2 per cent nomadic herders, and you may step three.1 percent serfs while some.